[llvm] [workflows] Port buildkite Windows config to GitHub actions (PR #82093)

[Tom Stellard via llvm-commits]

tstellar wrote:

> I ran this job with `-DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;clang-tools-extra;flang;lld;llvm;mlir;polly" ` which matches what buildkite does when there is a change made to llvm and just the build took 5h and 59m, so there was no time left to run the tests (GitHub timeout is 6 hours). I'm going to try to do some benchmarks with the other combinations of projects.

More Benchmarks:

|Projects|Build|Test|Total|Result|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|clang;clang-tools-extra;flang;lld;llvm;mlir;polly|359m|1m|360m|[Timeout](https://github.com/tstellar/llvm-project/actions/runs/7942569530/job/21685993987)|
|clang;clang-tools-extra;lld;llvm;mlir;polly"|282m|72m|354m|[Pass](https://github.com/tstellar/llvm-project/actions/runs/7945073461/job/21691263645)|
|clang;clang-tools-extra;lld;llvm;mlir|271m|72m|343m|[Pass](https://github.com/tstellar/llvm-project/actions/runs/7945079413/job/21691280087)|
|clang;lld;llvm;mlir|234m|67m|301m|[Pass](https://github.com/tstellar/llvm-project/actions/runs/7945084745/job/21691294372)|
|clang;lld;llvm|183m|67m|250m|[Pass](https://github.com/tstellar/llvm-project/actions/runs/7945101538)|


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/82093