[clang] [analyzer] Add std::any checker (PR #76580)

[via cfe-commits]

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@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+// RUN: %clang %s -std=c++17 -Xclang -verify --analyze \
+// RUN:   -Xclang -analyzer-checker=core \
+// RUN:   -Xclang -analyzer-checker=debug.ExprInspection \
+// RUN:   -Xclang -analyzer-checker=core,alpha.core.StdAny
+
+#include "Inputs/system-header-simulator-cxx.h"
+
+void clang_analyzer_warnIfReached();
+void clang_analyzer_eval(int);
+
+
+class DummyClass{
+  public:
+  void foo(){};
+};
+
+void nonInlined(std::any &a);
+void nonInlinedConst(const std::any & a);
+
+void inlined(std::any &a) {
+  a = 5;
+}
+
+using any_t = std::any;
+using any_tt = any_t;
+
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
+// std::any_cast
+//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
+void objectHeld() {
+  std::any a = DummyClass{};
+  DummyClass d = std::any_cast<DummyClass>(a);
+  d.foo();
+}
+
+void formVariable() {
+  std::any a = 5;
+  int b = std::any_cast<int>(a);
+  char c = std::any_cast<char>(a); // expected-warning {{std::any 'a' held an 'int', not a 'char'}}
+  (void)b;
+  (void)c;
+}
+
+void pointerHeld() {
+  int i = 5;
+  std::any a = &i;
+  int* x = std::any_cast<int*>(a);
+  char c = std::any_cast<char>(a); // expected-warning {{std::any 'a' held an 'int *', not a 'char'}}
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whisperity wrote:

(Yeah, back to the vowel/pronounciation stuff, this reads correctly if you say `held an «int star»` but breaks apart if one meticulously wants to read this out as `held an «pointer to int object»`...)

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/76580