[clang-tools-extra] [clang-tidy] Add recursion protection in ExceptionSpecAnalyzer (PR #66810)

[Piotr Zegar via cfe-commits]

PiotrZSL wrote:

I put it into `analyze` because when running this locally I seen that `analyze` show up repeatedly in stacktrace. Even in chain that you showed we still got `analyze` in this chain. And adding protection there is cheap, as we can easily utilize cached map to do that, instead of adding more maps. Also this issue isn't something that should happen often, I run into it only because I got malformed AST in first place. This is other reason why I would prefer to fix it in current way.


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/66810