[llvm] [lit] Refactor available `ptxas` features (PR #154439)

[Justin Fargnoli via llvm-commits]

justinfargnoli wrote:

Note: I've only tested this PR on public CUDA 13.0 and internal ToT `ptxas`. 

Trying to see if I can trigger a build with the public build bot. 

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/154439