[llvm] [DirectX] Documenting Root Signature Binary representation (PR #131011)

[Justin Bogner via llvm-commits]

================
@@ -393,6 +393,161 @@ bit in the mask vector identifies one column of a patch constant input and a
 column of an output. A value of 1 means the output is impacted by the primitive
 input.
 
+Root Signature (RTS0) Part
+--------------------------
+.. _RTS0:
+
+The Root Signature data defines the shader's resource interface with Direct3D 
+12, specifying what resources the shader needs to access and how they're 
+organized and bound to the pipeline. 
+
+The RTS0 part comprises three data structures: ``RootSignatureHeader``, 
+``RootParameters`` and ``StaticSamplers``. The details of each will be described 
+in the following sections. All ``RootParameters`` will be serialized following 
+the order they were defined in the metadata representation.
+
+Root Signature Header
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The root signature header is 24 bytes long, consisting of six 32 bit values 
+representing the version, number and offset of parameters, number and offset 
+of static samplers, and a flags field for global behaviours:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   struct RootSignatureHeader {
+     uint32_t Version;
+     uint32_t NumParameters;
+     uint32_t ParametersOffset;
+     uint32_t NumStaticSamplers;
+     uint32_t StaticSamplerOffset;
+     uint32_t Flags;
+   }
+
+
+Root Parameters
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Root parameters define how resources are bound to the shader pipeline, each 
+type having different size and fields. 
+
+Each slot of root parameters is preceded by 12 bytes, three 32 bit values, 
+representing the parameter type, a flag encoding the pipeline stages where 
+the data is visible, and an offset calculated from the start of RTS0 section.
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   struct RootParameterHeader {
+     uint32_t ParameterType;
+     uint32_t ShaderVisibility;
+     uint32_t ParameterOffset;
+   };
+
+The following sections will describe each of the root parameters types and their 
+encodings.
+
+Root Constants
+''''''''''''''
+
+Root constants are values passed directly to shaders without needing a constant
+buffer. It is a 12 bytes long structure, two 32 bit values encoding the register 
+and space the constant is assigned to, and one 32 bit value encoding the 
+constant value.
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+  struct RootConstants {
+    uint32_t Register;
+    uint32_t Space;
+    uint32_t Value;
+  };
+
+Root Descriptor
+'''''''''''''''
+
+Root descriptors provide direct GPU memory addresses to resources.
+
+In version 1.0, the root descriptor is 8 bytes. It encodes the register and
+space as 2 32-bit values.
+
+In version 1.1, the root descriptor is 12 bytes. It matches the 1.0 descriptor
+but adds a 32-bit access flag.
+
+Version 1.0 doesn't contain the flags available in version 1.1.
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   struct RootDescriptor_V1_0 {
+      uint32_t ShaderRegister;
+      uint32_t RegisterSpace;
+   };
+   
+   struct RootDescriptor_V1_1 {
+      uint32_t ShaderRegister;
+      uint32_t RegisterSpace;      
+      uint32_t Flags;
+   };
+
+Root Descriptor Table
+'''''''''''''''''''''
+Descriptor tables let shaders access multiple resources through a single pointer 
+to a descriptor heap. 
+
+The tables are made of a collection of descriptor ranges. In Version 1.0, the 
+descriptor range is 20 bytes, containing five 32 bit values. It encodes a range 
+of registers, including the register type, range length, register numbers and 
+space within range and the offset locating each range inside the table.
+
+In version 1.1, the descriptor range is 24 bytes. It matches the 1.0 descriptor
+but adds a 32-bit access flag.
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   struct DescriptorRange_V1_0 {
+      uint32_t RangeType;
+      uint32_t NumDescriptors;
+      uint32_t BaseShaderRegister;
+      uint32_t RegisterSpace;
+      uint32_t OffsetInDescriptorsFromTableStart;
+   };
+
+   struct DescriptorRange_V1_1 {
+      dxbc::DescriptorRangeType RangeType;
+      uint32_t NumDescriptors;
+      uint32_t BaseShaderRegister;
+      uint32_t RegisterSpace;
+      uint32_t OffsetInDescriptorsFromTableStart;      
+      uint32_t Flags;
+   };
+
+Static Samplers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Static samplers are predefined filtering settings built into the root signature, 
+avoiding descriptor heap lookups. 
+
+This section also has a variable size, since it can contain multiple static 
+samplers definitions. However, the definition is a fixed sized struct, 
+containing 13 32-byte fields of various enum, float, and integer values. 
----------------
bogner wrote:

Oh, I see what you were saying here now.
```suggestion
This section consists of a variable number of static sampler definitions as
described in the root signature header. Each definition is 52 bytes made up of
13 32-byte fields of various enum, float, and integer values.
```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/131011