[llvm] Reland: [MC] output inlined-at debug info (#106230) (PR #130306)

[Yaxun Liu via llvm-commits]

yxsamliu wrote:

test data shows that this new PR does not cause compile time increase:

http://llvm-compile-time-tracker.com/?config=Overview&stat=instructions%3Au&remote=yxsamliu

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/130306