[llvm] [llvm-strip] Let llvm-strip continue on encountering an error (PR #129531)

[James Henderson via llvm-commits]

jh7370 wrote:

Oh, one more thing, before this can be merged, you need to mark your email address as non-private in GitHub. From [How to Submit a Patch](https://llvm.org/docs/Contributing.html#how-to-submit-a-patch):

> After your PR is approved, ensure that:
- The PR title and description describe the final changes. These will be used as the title and message of the final squashed commit. The titles and messages of commits in the PR will not be used.
- You have set a valid email address in your GitHub account, see [Email Addresses](https://llvm.org/docs/DeveloperPolicy.html#github-email-address).

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/129531