[compiler-rt] Augment `uncaught-exception.test` fuzzer test to be msvc-compatible (PR #125924)

[David Justo via llvm-commits]

davidmrdavid wrote:

Thanks for the approval!
I don't have merge commit access (though I'd love to work towards that, since I'm looking to upstream more of our changes), so I can't merge this myself :) .

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/125924