[llvm] Fix parsing out-of-order ValueInfos (PR #73239)

[via llvm-commits]

eleviant wrote:

> I am not really familiar with devirtualization part of the summary but is the real bug that there should not be two `^4` in the same module?
> 
> Maybe we should correctly error out instead of assertion in this case.

This might be a bug (actually I think the problem is in one-guid-one-id approach in asm printer). However it seems that asm parser also contains a bug, because it can't really handle out of order ids.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/73239