[llvm-bugs] [Bug 44330] New: accuracy error by optimization of pow(x, -0.5) when -ffast-math is disabled

[via llvm-bugs]

https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=44330

            Bug ID: 44330
           Summary: accuracy error by optimization of pow(x, -0.5) when
                    -ffast-math is disabled
           Product: libraries
           Version: 9.0
          Hardware: PC
                OS: Linux
            Status: NEW
          Severity: enhancement
          Priority: P
         Component: Transformation Utilities
          Assignee: unassignedbugs at nondot.org
          Reporter: utsumi.yuichiro at fujitsu.com
                CC: llvm-bugs at lists.llvm.org

The following code causes accuracy error even when -ffast-math is disabled.

--------------- pow.c --------------------------
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>

double (*libpow)(double, double) = pow;
double x = 1000000001.0;

int main() {
  double a = libpow(x, -0.5); // not optimized
  double b = pow(x, -0.5); // optimized

  printf("lib pow: %.20g, pow: %.20g\n", a, b);

  return 0;
}
--------------------------------------------------

This code includes `pow(x, -0.5)`.
The following is the result.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
$ clang -O1 pow.c -lm
$ ./a.out
lib pow: 3.1622776585872407456e-05, pow: 3.162277658587240068e-05
-------------------------------------------------------------------

The specified compile option is only `-O1` and `-ffast-math` is disabled but
the value of `lib pow` and `pow` differ.


This behavior is caused by
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/release/9.x/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyLibCalls.cpp#L1431
I think the optimization pow(x, -0.5) -> 1.0/sqrt(x) is admitted only when fast
math flag exist.

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