[clang] [clang-tools-extra] [clang-tidy][dataflow] Add `bugprone-null-check-after-dereference` check (PR #84166)

[via cfe-commits]

github-actions[bot] wrote:

<!--PREMERGE ADVISOR COMMENT: Linux-->
# :penguin: Linux x64 Test Results

* 87830 tests passed
* 1537 tests skipped
* 1 test failed

## Failed Tests
(click on a test name to see its output)

### Clang Tools
<details>
<summary>Clang Tools.clang-tidy/infrastructure/update-checks-list.test</summary>

```
Exit Code: 1

Command Output (stdout):
--
# RUN: at line 1
/usr/bin/python3 /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/../../../clang-tidy/tool/check_update_docs.py -o /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/build/tools/clang/tools/extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/Output/update-checks-list.test.tmp.clang-tidy-checks-list.rst
# executed command: /usr/bin/python3 /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/../../../clang-tidy/tool/check_update_docs.py -o /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/build/tools/clang/tools/extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/Output/update-checks-list.test.tmp.clang-tidy-checks-list.rst
# .---command stderr------------
# | 
# | 'clang-tools-extra/docs/clang-tidy/checks/list.rst' is out of date.
# | Fix it by running 'clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/add_new_check.py --update-docs'.
# | 
# `-----------------------------
# RUN: at line 2
diff --strip-trailing-cr /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/../../../docs/clang-tidy/checks/list.rst /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/build/tools/clang/tools/extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/Output/update-checks-list.test.tmp.clang-tidy-checks-list.rst
# executed command: diff --strip-trailing-cr /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/../../../docs/clang-tidy/checks/list.rst /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/build/tools/clang/tools/extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/Output/update-checks-list.test.tmp.clang-tidy-checks-list.rst
# .---command stdout------------
# | *** /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/../../../docs/clang-tidy/checks/list.rst
# | --- /home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/build/tools/clang/tools/extra/test/clang-tidy/infrastructure/Output/update-checks-list.test.tmp.clang-tidy-checks-list.rst
# | ***************
# | *** 131,136 ****
# | --- 131,137 ----
# |      :doc:`bugprone-non-zero-enum-to-bool-conversion <bugprone/non-zero-enum-to-bool-conversion>`,
# |      :doc:`bugprone-nondeterministic-pointer-iteration-order <bugprone/nondeterministic-pointer-iteration-order>`,
# |      :doc:`bugprone-not-null-terminated-result <bugprone/not-null-terminated-result>`, "Yes"
# | +    :doc:`bugprone-null-check-after-dereference <bugprone/null-check-after-dereference>`,
# |      :doc:`bugprone-optional-value-conversion <bugprone/optional-value-conversion>`, "Yes"
# |      :doc:`bugprone-parent-virtual-call <bugprone/parent-virtual-call>`, "Yes"
# |      :doc:`bugprone-pointer-arithmetic-on-polymorphic-object <bugprone/pointer-arithmetic-on-polymorphic-object>`,
# `-----------------------------
# error: command failed with exit status: 1

--

```
</details>

If these failures are unrelated to your changes (for example tests are broken or flaky at HEAD), please open an issue at https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues and add the `infrastructure` label.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/84166