[clang] [clang-format] Apply SpaceBeforeInheritanceColon to enum underlying types (PR #189011)

[via cfe-commits]

github-actions[bot] wrote:

<!--PREMERGE ADVISOR COMMENT: Linux-->
# :penguin: Linux x64 Test Results

* 87183 tests passed
* 1346 tests skipped
* 1 test failed

## Failed Tests
(click on a test name to see its output)

### Clang-Unit
<details>
<summary>Clang-Unit.Format/_/FormatTests/FormatTest/EnumUnderlyingTypeUsesInheritanceColonSpacing</summary>

```
Script:
--
/home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/build/tools/clang/unittests/Format/./FormatTests --gtest_filter=FormatTest.EnumUnderlyingTypeUsesInheritanceColonSpacing
--
/home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTestBase.h:90
Expected equality of these values:
  ExpectedCode
    Which is: "typedef enum: int { E2 } E3;"
  FormattedCode
    Which is: "typedef enum : int { E2 } E3;"
Google Test trace:
/home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp:18649: typedef enum: int { E2 } E3;

/home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTestBase.h:90
Expected equality of these values:
  ExpectedCode
    Which is: "typedef enum A: int { E4 } B;"
  FormattedCode
    Which is: "typedef enum A : int { E4 } B;"
Google Test trace:
/home/gha/actions-runner/_work/llvm-project/llvm-project/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp:18650: typedef enum A: int { E4 } B;


```
</details>

If these failures are unrelated to your changes (for example tests are broken or flaky at HEAD), please open an issue at https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues and add the `infrastructure` label.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/189011