[clang] [clang][analyzer] Test cases for CTU import failures (PR #188773)

[Arseniy Zaostrovnykh via cfe-commits]

necto wrote:

The second and last helf of #188524 split out as suggested in the superceeded PR.
@balazske @steakhal @NagyDonat 

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/188773