[clang] [clang][bytecode] Support different integral types (e.g. addresses) (PR #185028)

[Timm Baeder via cfe-commits]

tbaederr wrote:

Removed `IntegralOrPtr` in favor of `Integral` (everything from 16 to 64 bits) and `Char` (8 bits), plus more test coverage in the new `int-as-ptr-arith.c`

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/185028