[clang] [clang] Fix crash when @param is attached to invalid nodes (PR #183274)

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TPPPP72 wrote:

> This PR doesn't appear to comply with our policy on tool-generated content, and requires additional justification for why it is valuable enough to the project for us to review it. Please see our developer policy on AI-generated contributions: http://llvm.org/docs/AIToolPolicy.html

Thank you for reminding me about the LLVM AI policy. I need to clarify that the code was handwritten and has already run and passed the relevant AST and Sema tests locally, and has been formatted using `git clang-format`. The Pull Request content was generated by AI, and since English is not my native language, I wanted the AI-generated language to be more professional. I have just modified the AI-generated pull request description.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/183274