[clang-tools-extra] [clang-tidy] Warn on use of std::get_temporary_buffer (PR #176191)

[Victor Chernyakin via cfe-commits]

localspook wrote:

>  a separate checker (or a separate checker alias) that only covers a single deprecated function

That's essentially what `modernize-use-uncaught-exceptions` is; on the other hand, that check has a lot more logic, so it's more justified in being a separate check. Putting this function in `bugprone-unsafe-functions` feels like a bit of stretch (it wasn't deprecated for being unsafe, just for being useless), but I'm alright with it.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/176191