[clang] [Sema] Fix lifetime extension for temporaries in range-based for loops in C++23 (PR #145164)

[via cfe-commits]

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@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// RUN: %clangxx -std=c++23 -fsyntax-only -Xclang -verify %s
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <optional>
+#include <variant>
+#include <array>
+#include <span>
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yronglin wrote:

We can construct some simple fake std dependencies.
Eg.
```cpp
namespace std {
  typedef decltype(sizeof(int)) size_t;
  template <class E>
  struct initializer_list {
    const E *begin;
    size_t   size;
    initializer_list() : begin(nullptr), size(0) {}
  };

  template <typename E>
  struct list {
    list() {}
    ~list() {}
    E *begin();
    E *end();
    const E *begin() const;
    const E *end() const;
  };

  template <typename E>
  struct vector {
    vector() {}
    vector(std::initializer_list<E>) {}
    ~vector() {}
    E *begin();
    E *end();
    const E *begin() const;
    const E *end() const;
  };
} // namespace std
```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/145164