[clang-tools-extra] [clang-tidy] Improve `bugprone-exception-escape`: add stacktrace of escaped exception (PR #134375)

[Baranov Victor via cfe-commits]

vbvictor wrote:

Added handling of unknown exceptions, now we diag on place where `throw(int) `is written.
Most of the comments in https://reviews.llvm.org/D153298 are covered in my PR.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/134375