[clang] [clang] Do not infer lifetimebound for functions with void return type (PR #131997)

[Ilya Biryukov via cfe-commits]

ilya-biryukov wrote:

@usx95 I struggled to come up with a reproducer and couldn't understand why at first.
I think we infer the attribute **after** we check for this error. This is obviously something  we need to fix, but you can get a reproducer like this:

https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/e66MY1nn5
```cpp
// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++20 -verify %s

namespace std {
template <class T>
constexpr const T& as_const(T&) noexcept;

// We need two declarations to see the error for some reason *shrug*
template <class T> void as_const(const T&&) noexcept = delete;
template <class T> void as_const(const T&&) noexcept;
}

namespace GH126231 {

void test() {
  // Instantiate the overload returning `void` to trigger an error.
  int a = 1;
  std::as_const(a);
}
}

```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/131997