[clang] [Clang] Distro: Recognize newer Debian/Ubuntu releases and LinuxMint (PR #126183)

[Fangrui Song via cfe-commits]

MaskRay wrote:

It seems that Debian/Ubuntu special cases are used in very few cases like `--hash-style=` `-z relro` defaults and default lib path `/usr/lib/cuda`. 
To make it easier to maintain, we should not add every new codename to clang::driver::Distro...  @sylvestre 

I hope that Debian/Ubuntu will switch to Gentoo-style https://blogs.gentoo.org/mgorny/2022/10/07/clang-in-gentoo-now-sets-default-runtimes-via-config-file/  ... There are one hundred Debian/Ubuntu derivatives and it doesn't scale to add all of them to clang::driver::Distro...

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/126183