[clang] Reapply "[Clang][Sema] Refactor collection of multi-level template argument lists (#106585, #111173)" (PR #111852)

[Lei Wang via cfe-commits]

wlei-llvm wrote:

Hi @sdkrystian , FYI, we also hit an error/assertion that bisected to this https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/114569

```
lvm-project/clang/lib/AST/ExprConstant.cpp:16601: bool clang::Expr::EvaluateAsConstantExpr(EvalResult &, const ASTContext &, ConstantExprKind) const: Assertion `!isValueDependent() && "Expression evaluator can't be called on a dependent expression."' failed.
```
I'm trying working on reducing the repro(it seems very slow). 


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/111852