[clang] [compiler-rt] Reland [asan][windows] Eliminate the static asan runtime on windows (PR #107899)

[via cfe-commits]

zmodem wrote:

After this change we're running into #34485 ("ASan strtol interceptor breaks errno on Windows"):

```
C:\src\chromium\src>type a.cc
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main() {
  errno = 0;
  long result = strtol("2147483648", nullptr, 10);
  printf("errno: %d\n", errno);
  printf("result: %ld\n", result);
  return 0;
}

C:\src\chromium\src>"third_party\llvm-build\Release+Asserts\bin\clang-cl.exe" a.cc /Feout\Release\a.exe && out\Release\a.exe
errno: 34
result: 2147483647

C:\src\chromium\src>"third_party\llvm-build\Release+Asserts\bin\clang-cl.exe" -fsanitize=address a.cc /Feout\Release\a.exe && out\Release\a.exe
errno: 0
result: 2147483647
```

That's an old bug, but it wasn't a problem in Chromium until this runtime change.

It sounds like Visual Studio users also hit this before: https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/Cannot-detect-strtol-range-errors-with-A/10412869 Do you know what the fix for that was?

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/107899