[clang] [llvm] Reapply "Add source file name for template instantiations in -ftime-trace" (PR #99545)

[Ilya Biryukov via cfe-commits]

ilya-biryukov wrote:

This still fails on Windows, see the buildkite errors.
I believe the `filename(..., style::posix)` does not do what you intend, it actually assumes the inputs are in posix format, which is not the case on Windows. You want to use the native style

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/99545