[clang] [clang-tools-extra] Reland [clang][Sema, Lex, Parse] Preprocessor embed in C and C++ (PR #95802)

[Mariya Podchishchaeva via cfe-commits]

Fznamznon wrote:

I can't because I don't have a big endian to verify with. We can try to push speculatively if it doesn't break existing tests.


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/95802