[clang] [Clang] [Sema] Ensure noexcept(typeid(E)) checks if E throws when needed (PR #95846)

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Sirraide wrote:

Do we already have tests for your most recent commit (i.e. dependent expressions)? Because I recall CI passing even when that wasn’t there, but that may have been my imagination.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/95846