[clang] [clang-bindings] Add strict typing to clang Python bindings (#76664) (PR #78114)

[Jannick Kremer via cfe-commits]

DeinAlptraum wrote:

Since https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/83962 is now closed and the minimum Python version updated to 3.8, this is now finally ready for review. I've updated this with the changes to the Python bindings of the past couple months.

I have no idea idea what the error in the test failure means, so any advice would be appreciated.

@AaronBallman could you review this or recommend reviewers?

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/78114