[clang] [Clang] Implement resolution for CWG1835 (PR #92957)

[Krystian Stasiowski via cfe-commits]

sdkrystian wrote:

@Endilll I'm still in the process of writing tests, but I'll add several soon. I'm quite confident about my interpretation being correct but I just want to be 100% sure :). 

At the very least this patch gets [[basic.lookup.qual.general] example 3](http://eel.is/c++draft/basic.lookup.qual.general#example-3) right, in addition to the examples I provided in the PR.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/92957