[clang] [clang-tools-extra] Reapply "[Clang][Sema] Diagnose class member access expressions naming non-existent members of the current instantiation prior to instantiation in the absence of dependent base classes (#84050)" (PR #90152)

[Sam Clegg via cfe-commits]

sbc100 wrote:

This change recently rolled into the emscripten SDK and seems to be breaking the build of regal.  I've not invistigated this yet, and its not our code:

```
em++ -c /usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/regal/RegalIff.cpp -o /usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports-builds/regal/regal/RegalIff.cpp.o -g -sSTRICT -Werror -O2 -I/usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src -DNDEBUG -DREGAL_LOG=0 -DREGAL_MISSING=0 -std=gnu++14 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -O3 -I/usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/regal -I/usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/lookup3 -I/usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/boost -Wno-deprecated-register -Wno-unused-parameter
In file included from /usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/regal/RegalIff.cpp:49:
In file included from /usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/regal/RegalIff.h:80:
/usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/regal/linear.h:585:26: error: no member named 'negate' in 'Vec4<T>'; did you mean 'Negate'?
  585 |       Vec4 rv(*this); rv.negate(); return rv;
      |                          ^~~~~~
      |                          Negate
/usr/local/google/home/sbc/dev/wasm/emscripten/cache/ports/regal/regal-version_7/src/regal/linear.h:534:11: note: 'Negate' declared here
  534 |     void  Negate() {
      |           ^
1 error generated.
```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/90152