[clang] [llvm] Reapply "[analyzer] Accept C library functions from the `std` namespace" (#84926) (PR #84963)

[Balazs Benics via cfe-commits]

steakhal wrote:

You gave approval for the fix for the buggy tests I suggested. I think there is nothing wrong with this.
Thanks for having a look at my fix.
Ill recommit this as you authored, and I coauthored.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/84963