[clang] [clang-format] Handle common C++ non-keyword types as such (PR #83709)

[Owen Pan via cfe-commits]

owenca wrote:

> > This patch does not only fix formatting of C-casting to a C++ standard type. It correctly identifies (most of) such types and might have fixed other kinds of bugs.
> 
> Sure, this patch seems like a good change. But it does not fix #83400.

It does fix the example given. For other diffs involving user-defined types, the user need to use the TypeNames option. (If that doesn't work, a separate issue should be filed.)

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/83709