[clang] [clang-format] Fix a bug in AnnotatingParser::rParenEndsCast() (PR #79549)

[Pierre Jolivet via cfe-commits]

prj- wrote:

@owenca, @HazardyKnusperkeks, I'm sorry I'm not very familiar with LLVM release cycle, but couldn't this be back-ported for version 18.1.0rc2?

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/79549