[clang] [Clang][test] Limit library search when linking shared lib (PR #80253)

[Wei Wang via cfe-commits]

apolloww wrote:

Our internal builds run in chroot and the test fails with the following error

```
/bin/ld: cannot find crti.o: No such file or directory
/bin/ld: cannot find crtbeginS.o: No such file or directory
/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc
/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc
/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
/bin/ld: cannot find crtendS.o: No such file or directory
/bin/ld: cannot find crtn.o: No such file or directory
```

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/80253