[clang] [llvm] [LinkerWrapper] Support relocatable linking for offloading (PR #80066)
Joseph Huber via cfe-commits
cfe-commits at lists.llvm.org
Tue Jan 30 13:47:09 PST 2024
https://github.com/jhuber6 created https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/80066
Summary:
The standard GPU compilation process embeds each intermediate object
file into the host file at the `.llvm.offloading` section so it can be
linked later. We also use a sepcial section called something like
`omp_offloading_entries` to store all the globals that need to be
registered by the runtime. The linker-wrapper's job is to link the
embedded device code stored at this section and then emit code to
register the linked image and the kernels and globals in the offloading
entry section.
One downside to RDC linking is that it can become quite big for very
large projects that wish to make use of static linking. This patch
changes the support for relocatable linking via `-r` to support a kind
of "partial" RDC compilation for offloading languages.
This primarily requires manually editing the embedded data in the
output object file for the relocatable link. We need to rename the
output section to make it distinct from the input sections that will be
merged. We then delete the old embedded object code so it won't be
linked further. We then need to rename the old offloading section so
that it is private to the module. A runtime solution could also be done
to defer entires that don't belong to the given GPU executable, but this
is easier. Note that this does not work with COFF linking, only the ELF
method for handling offloading entries, that could be made to work
similarly.
Given this support, the following compilation path should produce two
distinct images for OpenMP offloading.
```
$ clang foo.c -fopenmp --offload-arch=native -c
$ clang foo.c -lomptarget.devicertl --offload-link -r -o merged.o
$ clang main.c merged.o -fopenmp --offload-arch=native
$ ./a.out
```
Or similarly for HIP to effectively perform non-RDC mode compilation for
a subset of files.
```
$ clang -x hip foo.c --offload-arch=native --offload-new-driver -fgpu-rdc -c
$ clang -x hip foo.c -lomptarget.devicertl --offload-link -r -o merged.o
$ clang -x hip main.c merged.o --offload-arch=native --offload-new-driver -fgpu-rdc
$ ./a.out
```
One question is whether or not this should be the default behaviour of
`-r` when run through the linker-wrapper or a special option. Standard
`-r` behavior is still possible if used without invoking the
linker-wrapper and it guranteed to be correct.
>From 2172b4eda521025b779d7457ed762e3748f66db8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Joseph Huber <huberjn at outlook.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Jan 2024 15:34:22 -0600
Subject: [PATCH] [LinkerWrapper] Support relocatable linking for offloading
Summary:
The standard GPU compilation process embeds each intermediate object
file into the host file at the `.llvm.offloading` section so it can be
linked later. We also use a sepcial section called something like
`omp_offloading_entries` to store all the globals that need to be
registered by the runtime. The linker-wrapper's job is to link the
embedded device code stored at this section and then emit code to
register the linked image and the kernels and globals in the offloading
entry section.
One downside to RDC linking is that it can become quite big for very
large projects that wish to make use of static linking. This patch
changes the support for relocatable linking via `-r` to support a kind
of "partial" RDC compilation for offloading languages.
This primarily requires manually editing the embedded data in the
output object file for the relocatable link. We need to rename the
output section to make it distinct from the input sections that will be
merged. We then delete the old embedded object code so it won't be
linked further. We then need to rename the old offloading section so
that it is private to the module. A runtime solution could also be done
to defer entires that don't belong to the given GPU executable, but this
is easier. Note that this does not work with COFF linking, only the ELF
method for handling offloading entries, that could be made to work
similarly.
Given this support, the following compilation path should produce two
distinct images for OpenMP offloading.
```
$ clang foo.c -fopenmp --offload-arch=native -c
$ clang foo.c -lomptarget.devicertl --offload-link -r -o merged.o
$ clang main.c merged.o -fopenmp --offload-arch=native
$ ./a.out
```
Or similarly for HIP to effectively perform non-RDC mode compilation for
a subset of files.
```
$ clang -x hip foo.c --offload-arch=native --offload-new-driver -fgpu-rdc -c
$ clang -x hip foo.c -lomptarget.devicertl --offload-link -r -o merged.o
$ clang -x hip main.c merged.o --offload-arch=native --offload-new-driver -fgpu-rdc
$ ./a.out
```
One question is whether or not this should be the default behaviour of
`-r` when run through the linker-wrapper or a special option. Standard
`-r` behavior is still possible if used without invoking the
linker-wrapper and it guranteed to be correct.
---
clang/test/Driver/linker-wrapper.c | 3 +-
.../ClangLinkerWrapper.cpp | 71 +++++++++++++++++--
.../llvm/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.h | 4 +-
.../Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.cpp | 11 +--
llvm/lib/Object/OffloadBinary.cpp | 2 +-
5 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
diff --git a/clang/test/Driver/linker-wrapper.c b/clang/test/Driver/linker-wrapper.c
index a8667c99977c5..21898faf295d4 100644
--- a/clang/test/Driver/linker-wrapper.c
+++ b/clang/test/Driver/linker-wrapper.c
@@ -181,5 +181,6 @@ __attribute__((visibility("protected"), used)) int x;
// RUN: --linker-path=/usr/bin/ld.lld -- -r --whole-archive %t.a --no-whole-archive \
// RUN: %t.o -o a.out 2>&1 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=RELOCATABLE-LINK
-// RELOCATABLE-LINK-NOT: clang{{.*}} -o {{.*}}.img --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+// RELOCATABLE-LINK: clang{{.*}} -o {{.*}}.img --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
// RELOCATABLE-LINK: /usr/bin/ld.lld{{.*}}-r
+// RELOCATABLE-LINK: llvm-objcopy{{.*}}a.out --remove-section .llvm.offloading
diff --git a/clang/tools/clang-linker-wrapper/ClangLinkerWrapper.cpp b/clang/tools/clang-linker-wrapper/ClangLinkerWrapper.cpp
index b682cc293d54b..53412eb2346de 100644
--- a/clang/tools/clang-linker-wrapper/ClangLinkerWrapper.cpp
+++ b/clang/tools/clang-linker-wrapper/ClangLinkerWrapper.cpp
@@ -241,6 +241,63 @@ Expected<std::string> findProgram(StringRef Name, ArrayRef<StringRef> Paths) {
return *Path;
}
+/// Returns the hashed value for a constant string.
+std::string getHash(StringRef Str) {
+ llvm::MD5 Hasher;
+ llvm::MD5::MD5Result Hash;
+ Hasher.update(Str);
+ Hasher.final(Hash);
+ return llvm::utohexstr(Hash.low(), /*LowerCase=*/true);
+}
+
+/// Renames offloading entry sections in a relocatable link so they do not
+/// conflict with a later link job.
+Error relocateOffloadSection(const ArgList &Args, StringRef Output) {
+ Expected<std::string> ObjcopyPath =
+ findProgram("llvm-objcopy", {getMainExecutable("llvm-objcopy")});
+ if (!ObjcopyPath)
+ return ObjcopyPath.takeError();
+
+ // Use the linker output file to get a unique hash. This creates a unique
+ // identifier to rename the sections to that is deterministic to the contents.
+ auto BufferOrErr = DryRun ? MemoryBuffer::getMemBuffer("")
+ : MemoryBuffer::getFileOrSTDIN(Output);
+ if (!BufferOrErr)
+ return createStringError(inconvertibleErrorCode(), "Failed to open %s",
+ Output.str().c_str());
+ std::string Suffix = "_" + getHash((*BufferOrErr)->getBuffer());
+
+ SmallVector<StringRef> ObjcopyArgs = {
+ *ObjcopyPath,
+ Output,
+ };
+
+ // Remove the old .llvm.offloading section to prevent further linking.
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back("--remove-section");
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back(".llvm.offloading");
+ for (StringRef Prefix : {"omp", "cuda", "hip"}) {
+ auto Section = (Prefix + "_offloading_entries").str();
+ // Rename the offloading entires to make them private to this link unit.
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back("--rename-section");
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back(
+ Args.MakeArgString(Section + "=" + Section + Suffix));
+
+ // Rename the __start_ / __stop_ symbols appropriately to iterate over the
+ // newly renamed section containing the offloading entries.
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back("--redefine-sym");
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back(Args.MakeArgString("__start_" + Section + "=" +
+ "__start_" + Section + Suffix));
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back("--redefine-sym");
+ ObjcopyArgs.emplace_back(Args.MakeArgString("__stop_" + Section + "=" +
+ "__stop_" + Section + Suffix));
+ }
+
+ if (Error Err = executeCommands(*ObjcopyPath, ObjcopyArgs))
+ return Err;
+
+ return Error::success();
+}
+
/// Runs the wrapped linker job with the newly created input.
Error runLinker(ArrayRef<StringRef> Files, const ArgList &Args) {
llvm::TimeTraceScope TimeScope("Execute host linker");
@@ -265,6 +322,11 @@ Error runLinker(ArrayRef<StringRef> Files, const ArgList &Args) {
LinkerArgs.push_back(Arg);
if (Error Err = executeCommands(LinkerPath, LinkerArgs))
return Err;
+
+ if (Args.hasArg(OPT_relocatable))
+ if (Error Err = relocateOffloadSection(Args, ExecutableName))
+ return Err;
+
return Error::success();
}
@@ -910,7 +972,8 @@ wrapDeviceImages(ArrayRef<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> Buffers,
case OFK_OpenMP:
if (Error Err = offloading::wrapOpenMPBinaries(
M, BuffersToWrap,
- offloading::getOffloadEntryArray(M, "omp_offloading_entries")))
+ offloading::getOffloadEntryArray(M, "omp_offloading_entries"),
+ /*Suffix=*/"", /*Relocatable=*/Args.hasArg(OPT_relocatable)))
return std::move(Err);
break;
case OFK_Cuda:
@@ -1356,12 +1419,6 @@ Expected<SmallVector<SmallVector<OffloadFile>>>
getDeviceInput(const ArgList &Args) {
llvm::TimeTraceScope TimeScope("ExtractDeviceCode");
- // If the user is requesting a reloctable link we ignore the device code. The
- // actual linker will merge the embedded device code sections so they can be
- // linked when the executable is finally created.
- if (Args.hasArg(OPT_relocatable))
- return SmallVector<SmallVector<OffloadFile>>{};
-
StringRef Root = Args.getLastArgValue(OPT_sysroot_EQ);
SmallVector<StringRef> LibraryPaths;
for (const opt::Arg *Arg : Args.filtered(OPT_library_path, OPT_libpath))
diff --git a/llvm/include/llvm/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.h b/llvm/include/llvm/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.h
index e3ded00b573f7..3f9e0e8b98059 100644
--- a/llvm/include/llvm/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.h
+++ b/llvm/include/llvm/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.h
@@ -20,10 +20,12 @@ using EntryArrayTy = std::pair<GlobalVariable *, GlobalVariable *>;
/// \param EntryArray Optional pair pointing to the `__start` and `__stop`
/// symbols holding the `__tgt_offload_entry` array.
/// \param Suffix An optional suffix appended to the emitted symbols.
+/// \param Relocatable Indicate if we need to change the offloading section.
llvm::Error wrapOpenMPBinaries(llvm::Module &M,
llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::ArrayRef<char>> Images,
EntryArrayTy EntryArray,
- llvm::StringRef Suffix = "");
+ llvm::StringRef Suffix = "",
+ bool Relocatable = false);
/// Wraps the input fatbinary image into the module \p M as global symbols and
/// registers the images with the CUDA runtime.
diff --git a/llvm/lib/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.cpp b/llvm/lib/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.cpp
index 76a8eebdb3622..fec1bdbe9d8c7 100644
--- a/llvm/lib/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.cpp
+++ b/llvm/lib/Frontend/Offloading/OffloadWrapper.cpp
@@ -112,7 +112,8 @@ PointerType *getBinDescPtrTy(Module &M) {
///
/// Global variable that represents BinDesc is returned.
GlobalVariable *createBinDesc(Module &M, ArrayRef<ArrayRef<char>> Bufs,
- EntryArrayTy EntryArray, StringRef Suffix) {
+ EntryArrayTy EntryArray, StringRef Suffix,
+ bool Relocatable) {
LLVMContext &C = M.getContext();
auto [EntriesB, EntriesE] = EntryArray;
@@ -129,7 +130,8 @@ GlobalVariable *createBinDesc(Module &M, ArrayRef<ArrayRef<char>> Bufs,
GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, Data,
".omp_offloading.device_image" + Suffix);
Image->setUnnamedAddr(GlobalValue::UnnamedAddr::Global);
- Image->setSection(".llvm.offloading");
+ Image->setSection(Relocatable ? ".llvm.offloading.relocatable"
+ : ".llvm.offloading");
Image->setAlignment(Align(object::OffloadBinary::getAlignment()));
StringRef Binary(Buf.data(), Buf.size());
@@ -582,8 +584,9 @@ void createRegisterFatbinFunction(Module &M, GlobalVariable *FatbinDesc,
Error offloading::wrapOpenMPBinaries(Module &M, ArrayRef<ArrayRef<char>> Images,
EntryArrayTy EntryArray,
- llvm::StringRef Suffix) {
- GlobalVariable *Desc = createBinDesc(M, Images, EntryArray, Suffix);
+ llvm::StringRef Suffix, bool Relocatable) {
+ GlobalVariable *Desc =
+ createBinDesc(M, Images, EntryArray, Suffix, Relocatable);
if (!Desc)
return createStringError(inconvertibleErrorCode(),
"No binary descriptors created.");
diff --git a/llvm/lib/Object/OffloadBinary.cpp b/llvm/lib/Object/OffloadBinary.cpp
index bfc35e41fe658..22d604b125c58 100644
--- a/llvm/lib/Object/OffloadBinary.cpp
+++ b/llvm/lib/Object/OffloadBinary.cpp
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Error extractFromObject(const ObjectFile &Obj,
if (!NameOrErr)
return NameOrErr.takeError();
- if (!NameOrErr->equals(".llvm.offloading"))
+ if (!NameOrErr->starts_with(".llvm.offloading"))
continue;
}
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