[clang] [clang] Emit bad shift warnings (PR #70307)

[Budimir Aranđelović via cfe-commits]

budimirarandjelovicsyrmia wrote:

> The patch summary doesn't really explain why the changes are needed. Can you explain what problem you're solving (perhaps link to an issue if this is fixing one that was reported by someone)?

Main goal of this patch is to enable diagnosing and emitting warnings related to shift operator that are already found by GCC.

Original proposal fix and comments were posted on Pharbricator ([link](https://reviews.llvm.org/D141192)). This patch continues that patch.
Original issue was posted [here](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/59863).

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/70307