[clang] [analyzer] Add std::any checker (PR #76580)

[via cfe-commits]

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@@ -2095,6 +2095,27 @@ This checker is a part of ``core.StackAddressEscape``, but is temporarily disabl
                  //       returned block
  }
 
+.. _alpha-core-StdAny:
+
+alpha.core.StdAny (C++)
+"""""""""""""""""""""""
+Check if a value of active type is retrieved from an ``std::any`` instance with ``std::any_cats``
+or if the ``std::any`` instance holds type. In case of bad any type access
+(the accessed type differs from the active type, or the instance has no stored value)
+a warning is emitted. Currently, this checker does not take exception handling into account.
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whisperity wrote:

```suggestion
Check if a value of active type is retrieved from a ``std::any`` instance with ``std::any_cast``
or if the instance holds a value. In case of bad access
(the accessed type differs from the active type, or the instance is empty)
a warning is emitted.

**Limitation:** The checker does not take exception handling into account.
```

(+ reflow the lines)

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/76580