[libcxx] [clang] [llvm] [mlir] [compiler-rt] [flang] [clang-tools-extra] [mlir] Fix a zero stride canonicalizer crash (PR #74200)

[Rik Huijzer via cfe-commits]

rikhuijzer wrote:

> Is it possible to add the test case (or minimal similar example) with `--inline` option so that we can confirm the original issue is resolved.
> 
> #73383

Thanks for the review and fixing the typos that I've made! I've added a test in a new `MemRef/inlining.mlir` file, which is in line with the other files:
```
$ rg -l '\-inline' mlir/test
mlir/test/Dialect/MemRef/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Vector/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/UB/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Async/async-parallel-for-compute-fn.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Async/async-parallel-for-canonicalize.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Affine/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/LLVMIR/inline-byval-huge.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Bufferization/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/LLVMIR/inlining-alias-scopes.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/LLVMIR/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Linalg/inline-scalar-operands.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Tosa/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Dialect/Linalg/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/lib/Transforms/TestInlining.cpp
mlir/test/Transforms/inlining.mlir
mlir/test/Transforms/inlining-repeated-use.mlir
mlir/test/Transforms/inlining-recursive.mlir
mlir/test/Transforms/inlining-dce.mlir
mlir/test/Transforms/test-inlining.mlir
```
(Also test additions can always be reverted of course so it shouldn't be too bad.) Also I double checked that https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/73383 doesn't crash on this PR.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/74200