[lldb] [clang] Reland "[clang][DebugInfo] Emit global variable definitions for static data members with constant initializers" (PR #71780)

[Michael Buch via cfe-commits]

Michael137 wrote:

Ok with ASAN I could trigger this quite consistently. Turns out we can't iterate over the `StaticDataMemberDefinitionsToEmit` using a `for each` because during `EmitGlobalVariable` we can end up adding more things to the vector, invalidating the iterators. Will push a fix for this shortly

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/71780