[clang-tools-extra] [libc++] Implement ranges::contains (PR #65148)

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ZijunZhaoCCK wrote:

I add `robust` tests about projector, invoking and proxy iterators like `ranges::ends_with()` and `ranges::find()` but I don't add any `robust` tests about comparator because there is no comparator in `ranges::contains()`. Hope I miss nothing!

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/65148