[clang] [flang][Driver] Support -rpath, -shared, and -static in the frontend (PR #66702)

[Andrzej Warzyński via cfe-commits]

https://github.com/banach-space requested changes to this pull request.

Please re-enable the tests in linker-flags.f90. 

If these options don't work on Windows then we should try to document it. Also, tests for `-rpath` can be moved to a dedicated file if we need to disable them on a particular platform.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/66702