[clang] [flang][Driver] Support -rpath, -shared, and -static in the frontend (PR #66702)

[Tarun Prabhu via cfe-commits]

tarunprabhu wrote:

Thanks @MaskRay and @banach-space for taking a look at this. I have marked the test as unsupported on windows because of a failing buildkite. I don't have access to a Windows machine so I can't add an equivalent test for that platform.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/66702