[clang] [analyzer] Reduce constraint on modulo with small concrete range (PR #65448)

[Balazs Benics via cfe-commits]

https://github.com/steakhal commented:

Uh, this isn't my expertiese. I'm a bit scared to do this alone.
I'm also short on time to verify this patch at scale.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/65448