[LLVMdev] question on difference of bitcode between C and C++

[Fei Jia]

Thanks! Your suggestions are really helpful to me. I am verifying the
differences and will provide my findings soon.

--
Best Regards,
Fei Jia




On Thu, Sep 22, 2011 at 2:33 PM, Anna Zaks <ganna at apple.com> wrote:

> Another difference is the presence of exceptions in C++, which would
> require you to handle more IR instructions. This might not matter depending
> on type of analysis you do.
> See: http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#i_invoke
> (Note that there is a substantial rewrite of exception handling going into
> 3.0)
>
> Anna.
> On Sep 22, 2011, at 3:29 AM, Renato Golin wrote:
>
> On 22 September 2011 03:30, Eli Friedman <eli.friedman at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> I am trying to find such difference of bitcode between C and C++.
>
>
> There isn't any difference in that sense... in IR, a constructor is
>
> just a function call, a reference is just a pointer, etc.
>
>
> Hi Fei,
>
> While Clang (like others) lowers C++ into C semantics and lower that
> into IR, there are some changes that exist in C++ and not in C. The IR
> has the same features, but some assumptions on the semantics are
> different.
>
> I can give you two examples:
>
> 1. Classes in C++ are like C structures in IR, but the C++ ABI makes
> it difficult to express Base/Derived classes in pure structures.
> (http://www.systemcall.org/blog/2011/01/cpp-class-sizes/ and
> http://www.systemcall.org/blog/2011/03/cpp-class-sizes-2/).
>
> So, if your pass depends on identifying the same types, you could end
> up thinking that the types are different, but they're not. They're
> just different struct representations (base vs. derived) of the same
> type.
>
> 2. Virtual table tables encode offsets in two different ways:
> addresses and offsets, and the two representations are normally on the
> same global static array in IR. So, while the type of the array is int
> (or pointer), it contains addresses and offsets from addresses
> bitcasting to the type of the global.
>
> These are not the only C-lowering that C++ front-ends do, but it gives
> you a taste of what to expect. As Eli said, most of C++ can be lowered
> into C-like structures and the IR is very similar, but some semantic
> interpretations are done differently, and the internal IR (that deals
> with those objects) is slightly different.
>
>
> --
> cheers,
> --renato
>
> http://systemcall.org/
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