[compiler-rt] Revert "Revert "[Compiler-rt][test] Fix circular link dependency between builtins and libc"" (PR #204728)

[Joseph Huber via llvm-commits]

jhuber6 wrote:

We shouldn't just pass linker flags by default, those are very diverse. Can we do a CMake link flag check? Now I think the NVPTX case might be a little degenerate as it needs to suppress normal linking checks due to not every platform having `nvlink`, so might need to hard-code that.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/204728