[llvm] [llvm-ir2vec] adding inst-embedding map API to ir2vec python bindings (PR #177308)

Nishant Sachdeva via llvm-commits llvm-commits at lists.llvm.org
Tue Jan 27 01:28:32 PST 2026


https://github.com/nishant-sachdeva updated https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/177308

>From daa538fae9666837e03a31e628d0e70cce52264d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nishant-sachdeva <nishant.sachdeva at research.iiit.ac.in>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 10:47:10 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] Adding an initEmbedding API to ir2vec python bindings

---
 .../llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py   | 21 ++++-
 .../tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/CMakeLists.txt |  3 +-
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp  | 87 ++++++++++++++++++-
 3 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
index 459f353a478cb..e6734d2055cd8 100644
--- a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
+++ b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
@@ -1,7 +1,22 @@
-# RUN: env PYTHONPATH=%llvm_lib_dir %python %s
+# RUN: rm -rf %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "define i32 @add(i32 %%a, i32 %%b) {" > %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "entry:" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  %%sum = add i32 %%a, %%b" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  ret i32 %%sum" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "}" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: env PYTHONPATH=%llvm_lib_dir %python %s %t.ll %ir2vec_test_vocab_dir/dummy_3D_nonzero_opc_vocab.json | FileCheck %s
 
+import sys
 import ir2vec
 
-print("SUCCESS: Module imported")
+ll_file = sys.argv[1]
+vocab_path = sys.argv[2]
 
-# CHECK: SUCCESS: Module imported
+tool = ir2vec.initEmbedding(filename=ll_file, mode="sym", vocab_path=vocab_path)
+
+if tool is not None:
+    print("SUCCESS: Tool initialized")
+    print(f"Tool type: {type(tool).__name__}")
+
+# CHECK: SUCCESS: Tool initialized
+# CHECK: Tool type: IR2VecTool
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/CMakeLists.txt b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/CMakeLists.txt
index 5df3720a24777..677208774f5a1 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-find_package(Python COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.Module REQUIRED)
+find_package(Python ${Python3_VERSION} EXACT COMPONENTS Interpreter Development.Module REQUIRED)
 
 execute_process(
     COMMAND "${Python_EXECUTABLE}" -m nanobind --cmake_dir
@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ set_target_properties(LLVMEmbUtils PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
 
 nanobind_add_module(ir2vec MODULE PyIR2Vec.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(ir2vec PRIVATE LLVMEmbUtils)
+target_include_directories(ir2vec PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/..)
 
 message(STATUS "Python bindings for llvm-ir2vec will be built with nanobind")
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
index b3a46d429b6d4..24297d15caaf1 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
@@ -7,7 +7,92 @@
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include <nanobind/nanobind.h>
+#include <nanobind/stl/string.h>
+#include <nanobind/stl/unique_ptr.h>
+
+#include "lib/Utils.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
+#include "llvm/IRReader/IRReader.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/SourceMgr.h"
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace nb = nanobind;
+using namespace llvm;
+using namespace llvm::ir2vec;
+
+namespace llvm {
+namespace ir2vec {
+void setIR2VecVocabPath(StringRef Path);
+StringRef getIR2VecVocabPath();
+} // namespace ir2vec
+} // namespace llvm
+
+namespace {
+
+bool fileNotValid(const std::string &Filename) {
+  std::ifstream F(Filename, std::ios_base::in | std::ios_base::binary);
+  return !F.good();
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Module> getLLVMIR(const std::string &Filename,
+                                  LLVMContext &Context) {
+  SMDiagnostic Err;
+  auto M = parseIRFile(Filename, Err, Context);
+  if (!M)
+    throw std::runtime_error("Failed to parse IR file.");
+  return M;
+}
+
+class PyIR2VecTool {
+private:
+  std::unique_ptr<LLVMContext> Ctx;
+  std::unique_ptr<Module> M;
+  std::unique_ptr<IR2VecTool> Tool;
+
+public:
+  PyIR2VecTool(const std::string &Filename, const std::string &Mode,
+               const std::string &VocabPath) {
+    if (fileNotValid(Filename))
+      throw std::runtime_error("Invalid file path");
+
+    if (Mode != "sym" && Mode != "fa")
+      throw std::runtime_error("Invalid mode. Use 'sym' or 'fa'");
+
+    if (VocabPath.empty())
+      throw std::runtime_error("Error - Empty Vocab Path not allowed");
+
+    setIR2VecVocabPath(VocabPath);
+
+    Ctx = std::make_unique<LLVMContext>();
+    M = getLLVMIR(Filename, *Ctx);
+    Tool = std::make_unique<IR2VecTool>(*M);
+
+    bool Ok = Tool->initializeVocabulary();
+    if (!Ok)
+      throw std::runtime_error("Failed to initialize IR2Vec vocabulary");
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace
+
+NB_MODULE(ir2vec, m) {
+  m.doc() = std::string("Python bindings for ") + ToolName;
+
+  nb::class_<PyIR2VecTool>(m, "IR2VecTool")
+      .def(nb::init<const std::string &, const std::string &,
+                    const std::string &>(),
+           nb::arg("filename"), nb::arg("mode"), nb::arg("vocab_path"));
 
-NB_MODULE(ir2vec, m) { m.doc() = "Python bindings for IR2Vec"; }
+  m.def(
+      "initEmbedding",
+      [](const std::string &filename, const std::string &mode,
+         const std::string &vocab_path) {
+        return std::make_unique<PyIR2VecTool>(filename, mode, vocab_path);
+      },
+      nb::arg("filename"), nb::arg("mode") = "sym", nb::arg("vocab_path"),
+      nb::rv_policy::take_ownership);
+}

>From 025fd318cdf72040cc77de3b6776a427fc06556a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nishant-sachdeva <nishant.sachdeva at research.iiit.ac.in>
Date: Tue, 27 Jan 2026 14:57:43 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] initEmbedding API prepared with rebase on main

---
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp | 18 +++++-------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
index 24297d15caaf1..f2eac46eb5f02 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
@@ -24,13 +24,6 @@ namespace nb = nanobind;
 using namespace llvm;
 using namespace llvm::ir2vec;
 
-namespace llvm {
-namespace ir2vec {
-void setIR2VecVocabPath(StringRef Path);
-StringRef getIR2VecVocabPath();
-} // namespace ir2vec
-} // namespace llvm
-
 namespace {
 
 bool fileNotValid(const std::string &Filename) {
@@ -63,17 +56,16 @@ class PyIR2VecTool {
       throw std::runtime_error("Invalid mode. Use 'sym' or 'fa'");
 
     if (VocabPath.empty())
-      throw std::runtime_error("Error - Empty Vocab Path not allowed");
-
-    setIR2VecVocabPath(VocabPath);
+      throw std::runtime_error("Empty Vocab Path not allowed");
 
     Ctx = std::make_unique<LLVMContext>();
     M = getLLVMIR(Filename, *Ctx);
     Tool = std::make_unique<IR2VecTool>(*M);
 
-    bool Ok = Tool->initializeVocabulary();
-    if (!Ok)
-      throw std::runtime_error("Failed to initialize IR2Vec vocabulary");
+    if (auto Err = Tool->initializeVocabulary(VocabPath)) {
+      throw std::runtime_error("Failed to initialize IR2Vec vocabulary: " +
+                               toString(std::move(Err)));
+    }
   }
 };
 

>From 94e6b28fcaf409f027ea07d59cd2bae35936efe5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nishant-sachdeva <nishant.sachdeva at research.iiit.ac.in>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 18:20:16 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] Adding getFuncEmbMap functionality to ir2vec python
 bindings

---
 .../llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py   | 41 +++++++++++++++++++
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp  | 38 ++++++++++++++++-
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp          | 35 ++++++++++++++++
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h            |  9 ++++
 4 files changed, 121 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
index e6734d2055cd8..be25284a70fff 100644
--- a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
+++ b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
@@ -4,6 +4,30 @@
 # RUN: echo "  %%sum = add i32 %%a, %%b" >> %t.ll
 # RUN: echo "  ret i32 %%sum" >> %t.ll
 # RUN: echo "}" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "define i32 @multiply(i32 %%x, i32 %%y) {" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "entry:" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  %%prod = mul i32 %%x, %%y" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  ret i32 %%prod" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "}" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "define i32 @conditional(i32 %%n) {" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "entry:" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  %%cmp = icmp sgt i32 %%n, 0" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  br i1 %%cmp, label %%positive, label %%negative" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "positive:" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  %%pos_val = add i32 %%n, 10" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  br label %%exit" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "negative:" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  %%neg_val = sub i32 %%n, 10" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  br label %%exit" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "exit:" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  %%result = phi i32 [ %%pos_val, %%positive ], [ %%neg_val, %%negative ]" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "  ret i32 %%result" >> %t.ll
+# RUN: echo "}" >> %t.ll
 # RUN: env PYTHONPATH=%llvm_lib_dir %python %s %t.ll %ir2vec_test_vocab_dir/dummy_3D_nonzero_opc_vocab.json | FileCheck %s
 
 import sys
@@ -18,5 +42,22 @@
     print("SUCCESS: Tool initialized")
     print(f"Tool type: {type(tool).__name__}")
 
+    # Test getFuncEmbMap
+    func_emb_map = tool.getFuncEmbMap()
+    print(f"Number of functions: {len(func_emb_map)}")
+
+    # Check that all three functions are present
+    expected_funcs = ["add", "multiply", "conditional"]
+    for func_name in expected_funcs:
+        if func_name in func_emb_map:
+            emb = func_emb_map[func_name]
+            print(f"Function '{func_name}': embedding shape = {emb.shape}")
+        else:
+            print(f"ERROR: Function '{func_name}' not found")
+
 # CHECK: SUCCESS: Tool initialized
 # CHECK: Tool type: IR2VecTool
+# CHECK: Number of functions: 3
+# CHECK: Function 'add': embedding shape =
+# CHECK: Function 'multiply': embedding shape =
+# CHECK: Function 'conditional': embedding shape =
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
index f2eac46eb5f02..6307af8dc2baa 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include <nanobind/nanobind.h>
+#include <nanobind/ndarray.h>
+#include <nanobind/stl/map.h>
+#include <nanobind/stl/pair.h>
 #include <nanobind/stl/string.h>
 #include <nanobind/stl/unique_ptr.h>
 
@@ -45,6 +48,7 @@ class PyIR2VecTool {
   std::unique_ptr<LLVMContext> Ctx;
   std::unique_ptr<Module> M;
   std::unique_ptr<IR2VecTool> Tool;
+  IR2VecKind EmbKind;
 
 public:
   PyIR2VecTool(const std::string &Filename, const std::string &Mode,
@@ -52,8 +56,13 @@ class PyIR2VecTool {
     if (fileNotValid(Filename))
       throw std::runtime_error("Invalid file path");
 
-    if (Mode != "sym" && Mode != "fa")
+    EmbKind = [](const std::string &Mode) -> IR2VecKind {
+      if (Mode == "sym")
+        return IR2VecKind::Symbolic;
+      if (Mode == "fa")
+        return IR2VecKind::FlowAware;
       throw std::runtime_error("Invalid mode. Use 'sym' or 'fa'");
+    }(Mode);
 
     if (VocabPath.empty())
       throw std::runtime_error("Empty Vocab Path not allowed");
@@ -67,6 +76,27 @@ class PyIR2VecTool {
                                toString(std::move(Err)));
     }
   }
+
+  nb::dict getFuncEmbMap() {
+    auto result = Tool->getFunctionEmbeddings(EmbKind);
+    nb::dict nb_result;
+
+    for (const auto &[func_ptr, embedding] : result) {
+      std::string func_name = func_ptr->getName().str();
+      auto data = embedding.getData();
+      size_t shape[1] = {data.size()};
+      double *data_ptr = new double[data.size()];
+      std::copy(data.data(), data.data() + data.size(), data_ptr);
+
+      auto nb_array = nb::ndarray<nb::numpy, double>(
+          data_ptr, {data.size()}, nb::capsule(data_ptr, [](void *p) noexcept {
+            delete[] static_cast<double *>(p);
+          }));
+      nb_result[nb::str(func_name.c_str())] = nb_array;
+    }
+
+    return nb_result;
+  }
 };
 
 } // namespace
@@ -77,7 +107,11 @@ NB_MODULE(ir2vec, m) {
   nb::class_<PyIR2VecTool>(m, "IR2VecTool")
       .def(nb::init<const std::string &, const std::string &,
                     const std::string &>(),
-           nb::arg("filename"), nb::arg("mode"), nb::arg("vocab_path"));
+           nb::arg("filename"), nb::arg("mode"), nb::arg("vocab_path"))
+      .def("getFuncEmbMap", &PyIR2VecTool::getFuncEmbMap,
+           "Generate function-level embeddings for all functions\n"
+           "Returns: dict[str, ndarray[float64]] - "
+           "{function_name: embedding}");
 
   m.def(
       "initEmbedding",
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
index 190d9259e45b3..4e8589885e019 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
@@ -151,6 +151,41 @@ void IR2VecTool::writeEntitiesToStream(raw_ostream &OS) {
     OS << Entities[EntityID] << '\t' << EntityID << '\n';
 }
 
+std::pair<const Function *, Embedding>
+IR2VecTool::getFunctionEmbedding(const Function &F, IR2VecKind Kind) const {
+  assert(Vocab && Vocab->isValid() && "Vocabulary not initialized");
+
+  if (F.isDeclaration())
+    return {nullptr, Embedding()};
+
+  auto Emb = Embedder::create(Kind, F, *Vocab);
+  if (!Emb) {
+    return {nullptr, Embedding()};
+  }
+
+  auto FuncVec = Emb->getFunctionVector();
+
+  return {&F, std::move(FuncVec)};
+}
+
+FuncEmbMap IR2VecTool::getFunctionEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const {
+  assert(Vocab && Vocab->isValid() && "Vocabulary not initialized");
+
+  FuncEmbMap Result;
+
+  for (const Function &F : M) {
+    if (F.isDeclaration())
+      continue;
+
+    auto Emb = getFunctionEmbedding(F, Kind);
+    if (Emb.first != nullptr) {
+      Result.try_emplace(Emb.first, std::move(Emb.second));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
 void IR2VecTool::writeEmbeddingsToStream(raw_ostream &OS,
                                          EmbeddingLevel Level) const {
   if (!Vocab->isValid()) {
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
index d9715b03c3082..d115d9a26ca90 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #define LLVM_TOOLS_LLVM_IR2VEC_UTILS_UTILS_H
 
 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
 #include "llvm/Analysis/IR2Vec.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MIR2Vec.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MIRParser/MIRParser.h"
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ struct TripletResult {
 
 /// Entity mappings: [entity_name]
 using EntityList = std::vector<std::string>;
+using FuncEmbMap = DenseMap<const Function *, ir2vec::Embedding>;
 
 namespace ir2vec {
 
@@ -112,6 +114,13 @@ class IR2VecTool {
   /// Returns EntityList containing all entity strings
   static EntityList collectEntityMappings();
 
+  // Get embedding for a single function
+  std::pair<const Function *, Embedding>
+  getFunctionEmbedding(const Function &F, IR2VecKind Kind) const;
+
+  /// Get embeddings for all functions in the module
+  FuncEmbMap getFunctionEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const;
+
   /// Dump entity ID to string mappings
   static void writeEntitiesToStream(raw_ostream &OS);
 

>From 6a9f7a34cdfd924edc5523ba5f961b35c6423f43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nishant-sachdeva <nishant.sachdeva at research.iiit.ac.in>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 19:36:48 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] Changing unit-test structure for function embeddings

---
 .../llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py   | 28 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
index be25284a70fff..986cc2979bd9e 100644
--- a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
+++ b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
@@ -40,24 +40,22 @@
 
 if tool is not None:
     print("SUCCESS: Tool initialized")
-    print(f"Tool type: {type(tool).__name__}")
 
     # Test getFuncEmbMap
+    print("\n=== Function Embeddings ===")
     func_emb_map = tool.getFuncEmbMap()
-    print(f"Number of functions: {len(func_emb_map)}")
 
-    # Check that all three functions are present
-    expected_funcs = ["add", "multiply", "conditional"]
-    for func_name in expected_funcs:
-        if func_name in func_emb_map:
-            emb = func_emb_map[func_name]
-            print(f"Function '{func_name}': embedding shape = {emb.shape}")
-        else:
-            print(f"ERROR: Function '{func_name}' not found")
+    # Sorting the function names for deterministic output
+    for func_name in sorted(func_emb_map.keys()):
+        emb = func_emb_map[func_name]
+        print(f"Function: {func_name}")
+        print(f"  Embedding: {emb.tolist()}")
 
 # CHECK: SUCCESS: Tool initialized
-# CHECK: Tool type: IR2VecTool
-# CHECK: Number of functions: 3
-# CHECK: Function 'add': embedding shape =
-# CHECK: Function 'multiply': embedding shape =
-# CHECK: Function 'conditional': embedding shape =
+# CHECK: === Function Embeddings ===
+# CHECK: Function: add
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [38.0, 40.0, 42.0]
+# CHECK: Function: conditional
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [413.20000000298023, 421.20000000298023, 429.20000000298023]
+# CHECK: Function: multiply
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [50.0, 52.0, 54.0]

>From 7db5195f45693093259828a408591c93e861be5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nishant-sachdeva <nishant.sachdeva at research.iiit.ac.in>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 19:32:36 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] adding BB embedding map API to ir2vec python bindings

---
 .../llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py   | 23 ++++++++++++
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp  | 26 +++++++++++++-
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp          | 35 +++++++++++++++++++
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h            |  6 ++++
 4 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
index 986cc2979bd9e..ab96c72c94b3e 100644
--- a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
+++ b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
@@ -51,6 +51,16 @@
         print(f"Function: {func_name}")
         print(f"  Embedding: {emb.tolist()}")
 
+    # Test getBBEmbMap
+    print("\n=== Basic Block Embeddings ===")
+    bb_emb_list = tool.getBBEmbMap()
+
+    # Sorting by BB name for deterministic output
+    bb_sorted = sorted(bb_emb_list, key=lambda x: (x[0], tuple(x[1].tolist())))
+    for bb_name, emb in bb_sorted:
+        print(f"BB: {bb_name}")
+        print(f"  Embedding: {emb.tolist()}")
+
 # CHECK: SUCCESS: Tool initialized
 # CHECK: === Function Embeddings ===
 # CHECK: Function: add
@@ -59,3 +69,16 @@
 # CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [413.20000000298023, 421.20000000298023, 429.20000000298023]
 # CHECK: Function: multiply
 # CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [50.0, 52.0, 54.0]
+# CHECK: === Basic Block Embeddings ===
+# CHECK: BB: entry
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [38.0, 40.0, 42.0]
+# CHECK: BB: entry
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [50.0, 52.0, 54.0]
+# CHECK: BB: entry
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [161.20000000298023, 163.20000000298023, 165.20000000298023]
+# CHECK: BB: exit
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [164.0, 166.0, 168.0]
+# CHECK: BB: negative
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [47.0, 49.0, 51.0]
+# CHECK: BB: positive
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [41.0, 43.0, 45.0]
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
index 6307af8dc2baa..85caa6fc43255 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
@@ -97,6 +97,26 @@ class PyIR2VecTool {
 
     return nb_result;
   }
+
+  nb::list getBBEmbMap() {
+    auto result = Tool->getBBEmbeddings(EmbKind);
+    nb::list nb_result;
+
+    for (const auto &[bb_ptr, embedding] : result) {
+      std::string bb_name = bb_ptr->getName().str();
+      auto data = embedding.getData();
+
+      double *data_ptr = new double[data.size()];
+      std::copy(data.data(), data.data() + data.size(), data_ptr);
+      auto nb_array = nb::ndarray<nb::numpy, double, nb::shape<-1>>(
+          data_ptr, {data.size()}, nb::capsule(data_ptr, [](void *p) noexcept {
+            delete[] static_cast<double *>(p);
+          }));
+      nb_result.append(nb::make_tuple(nb::str(bb_name.c_str()), nb_array));
+    }
+
+    return nb_result;
+  }
 };
 
 } // namespace
@@ -111,7 +131,11 @@ NB_MODULE(ir2vec, m) {
       .def("getFuncEmbMap", &PyIR2VecTool::getFuncEmbMap,
            "Generate function-level embeddings for all functions\n"
            "Returns: dict[str, ndarray[float64]] - "
-           "{function_name: embedding}");
+           "{function_name: embedding}")
+      .def("getBBEmbMap", &PyIR2VecTool::getBBEmbMap,
+           "Generate basic block embeddings for all functions\n"
+           "Returns: list[tuple[str, ndarray[float64]]] - "
+           "[{bb_name, embedding}]");
 
   m.def(
       "initEmbedding",
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
index 4e8589885e019..aab95f7341b6e 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
@@ -186,6 +186,41 @@ FuncEmbMap IR2VecTool::getFunctionEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const {
   return Result;
 }
 
+BBEmbeddingsMap IR2VecTool::getBBEmbeddings(const Function &F,
+                                            IR2VecKind Kind) const {
+  assert(Vocab && Vocab->isValid() && "Vocabulary not initialized");
+
+  BBEmbeddingsMap Result;
+
+  if (F.isDeclaration())
+    return Result;
+
+  auto Emb = Embedder::create(Kind, F, *Vocab);
+  if (!Emb)
+    return Result;
+
+  for (const BasicBlock &BB : F)
+    Result.try_emplace(&BB, Emb->getBBVector(BB));
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
+BBEmbeddingsMap IR2VecTool::getBBEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const {
+  assert(Vocab && Vocab->isValid() && "Vocabulary not initialized");
+
+  BBEmbeddingsMap Result;
+
+  for (const Function &F : M) {
+    if (F.isDeclaration())
+      continue;
+
+    BBEmbeddingsMap FuncBBVecs = getBBEmbeddings(F, Kind);
+    Result.insert(FuncBBVecs.begin(), FuncBBVecs.end());
+  }
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
 void IR2VecTool::writeEmbeddingsToStream(raw_ostream &OS,
                                          EmbeddingLevel Level) const {
   if (!Vocab->isValid()) {
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
index d115d9a26ca90..abd00d806197a 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
@@ -121,6 +121,12 @@ class IR2VecTool {
   /// Get embeddings for all functions in the module
   FuncEmbMap getFunctionEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const;
 
+  /// Get embeddings for all basic blocks in a function
+  BBEmbeddingsMap getBBEmbeddings(const Function &F, IR2VecKind Kind) const;
+
+  /// Get embeddings for all basic blocks in the module
+  BBEmbeddingsMap getBBEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const;
+
   /// Dump entity ID to string mappings
   static void writeEntitiesToStream(raw_ostream &OS);
 

>From f3e9810cbca2125b1725e86b0cc898b8e83d7b1f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nishant-sachdeva <nishant.sachdeva at research.iiit.ac.in>
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2026 10:51:58 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] added instruction embedding map API to ir2vec python
 bindings

---
 .../llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py   | 37 ++++++++++++++++++-
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp  | 32 +++++++++++++++-
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp          | 36 ++++++++++++++++++
 llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h            |  6 +++
 4 files changed, 109 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
index ab96c72c94b3e..bfb93de869f7a 100644
--- a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
+++ b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-ir2vec/bindings/ir2vec-bindings.py
@@ -55,12 +55,22 @@
     print("\n=== Basic Block Embeddings ===")
     bb_emb_list = tool.getBBEmbMap()
 
-    # Sorting by BB name for deterministic output
+    # Sorting by BB name, then embedding values for deterministic output
     bb_sorted = sorted(bb_emb_list, key=lambda x: (x[0], tuple(x[1].tolist())))
     for bb_name, emb in bb_sorted:
         print(f"BB: {bb_name}")
         print(f"  Embedding: {emb.tolist()}")
 
+    # Test getInstEmbMap
+    print("\n=== Instruction Embeddings ===")
+    inst_emb_list = tool.getInstEmbMap()
+
+    # Sorting by instruction string, then embedding values for deterministic output
+    inst_sorted = sorted(inst_emb_list, key=lambda x: (x[0], tuple(x[1].tolist())))
+    for inst_str, emb in inst_sorted:
+        print(f"Inst: {inst_str}")
+        print(f"  Embedding: {emb.tolist()}")
+
 # CHECK: SUCCESS: Tool initialized
 # CHECK: === Function Embeddings ===
 # CHECK: Function: add
@@ -82,3 +92,28 @@
 # CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [47.0, 49.0, 51.0]
 # CHECK: BB: positive
 # CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [41.0, 43.0, 45.0]
+# CHECK: === Instruction Embeddings ===
+# CHECK: Inst: %cmp = icmp sgt i32 %n, 0
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [157.20000000298023, 158.20000000298023, 159.20000000298023]
+# CHECK: Inst: %neg_val = sub i32 %n, 10
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [43.0, 44.0, 45.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: %pos_val = add i32 %n, 10
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [37.0, 38.0, 39.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: %prod = mul i32 %x, %y
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [49.0, 50.0, 51.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: %result = phi i32 [ %pos_val, %positive ], [ %neg_val, %negative ]
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [163.0, 164.0, 165.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: %sum = add i32 %a, %b
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [37.0, 38.0, 39.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: br i1 %cmp, label %positive, label %negative
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: br label %exit
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: br label %exit
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [4.0, 5.0, 6.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: ret i32 %prod
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: ret i32 %result
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
+# CHECK: Inst: ret i32 %sum
+# CHECK-NEXT:   Embedding: [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
index 85caa6fc43255..386ac394a1c27 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/Bindings/PyIR2Vec.cpp
@@ -117,6 +117,33 @@ class PyIR2VecTool {
 
     return nb_result;
   }
+
+  nb::list getInstEmbMap() {
+    auto result = Tool->getInstEmbeddings(EmbKind);
+    nb::list nb_result;
+
+    for (const auto &[inst_ptr, embedding] : result) {
+      std::string inst_str;
+      llvm::raw_string_ostream RSO(inst_str);
+      inst_ptr->print(RSO);
+      RSO.flush();
+
+      auto data = embedding.getData();
+
+      double *data_ptr = new double[data.size()];
+      std::copy(data.data(), data.data() + data.size(), data_ptr);
+
+      // Create nanobind numpy array with dynamic 1D shape
+      auto nb_array = nb::ndarray<nb::numpy, double, nb::shape<-1>>(
+          data_ptr, {data.size()}, nb::capsule(data_ptr, [](void *p) noexcept {
+            delete[] static_cast<double *>(p);
+          }));
+
+      nb_result.append(nb::make_tuple(nb::str(inst_str.c_str()), nb_array));
+    }
+
+    return nb_result;
+  }
 };
 
 } // namespace
@@ -135,7 +162,10 @@ NB_MODULE(ir2vec, m) {
       .def("getBBEmbMap", &PyIR2VecTool::getBBEmbMap,
            "Generate basic block embeddings for all functions\n"
            "Returns: list[tuple[str, ndarray[float64]]] - "
-           "[{bb_name, embedding}]");
+           "[{bb_name, embedding}]")
+      .def("getInstEmbMap", &PyIR2VecTool::getInstEmbMap,
+           "Generate instruction embeddings for all functions\n"
+           "Returns: list[tuple[str, ndarray[float64]]]");
 
   m.def(
       "initEmbedding",
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
index aab95f7341b6e..c669f9aa69ea4 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.cpp
@@ -221,6 +221,42 @@ BBEmbeddingsMap IR2VecTool::getBBEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const {
   return Result;
 }
 
+InstEmbeddingsMap IR2VecTool::getInstEmbeddings(const Function &F,
+                                                IR2VecKind Kind) const {
+  assert(Vocab && Vocab->isValid() && "Vocabulary not initialized");
+
+  InstEmbeddingsMap Result;
+
+  if (F.isDeclaration())
+    return Result;
+
+  auto Emb = Embedder::create(Kind, F, *Vocab);
+  if (!Emb)
+    return Result;
+
+  for (const Instruction &I : instructions(F)) {
+    Result.try_emplace(&I, Emb->getInstVector(I));
+  }
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
+InstEmbeddingsMap IR2VecTool::getInstEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const {
+  assert(Vocab && Vocab->isValid() && "Vocabulary not initialized");
+
+  InstEmbeddingsMap Result;
+
+  for (const Function &F : M) {
+    if (F.isDeclaration())
+      continue;
+
+    InstEmbeddingsMap FuncInstVecs = getInstEmbeddings(F, Kind);
+    Result.insert(FuncInstVecs.begin(), FuncInstVecs.end());
+  }
+
+  return Result;
+}
+
 void IR2VecTool::writeEmbeddingsToStream(raw_ostream &OS,
                                          EmbeddingLevel Level) const {
   if (!Vocab->isValid()) {
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
index abd00d806197a..db437be5849ee 100644
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-ir2vec/lib/Utils.h
@@ -127,6 +127,12 @@ class IR2VecTool {
   /// Get embeddings for all basic blocks in the module
   BBEmbeddingsMap getBBEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const;
 
+  /// Get embeddings for all instructions in a function
+  InstEmbeddingsMap getInstEmbeddings(const Function &F, IR2VecKind Kind) const;
+
+  /// Get embeddings for all instructions in the module
+  InstEmbeddingsMap getInstEmbeddings(IR2VecKind Kind) const;
+
   /// Dump entity ID to string mappings
   static void writeEntitiesToStream(raw_ostream &OS);
 



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