[llvm] [SimplifyCFG] Simplify uncond br with icmp & select (PR #165580)

via llvm-commits llvm-commits at lists.llvm.org
Fri Oct 31 06:37:03 PDT 2025


llvmbot wrote:


<!--LLVM PR SUMMARY COMMENT-->

@llvm/pr-subscribers-llvm-transforms

Author: Kunqiu Chen (Camsyn)

<details>
<summary>Changes</summary>

Previously, SimplifyCFG only simplified unconditional branches when they met a pattern (`swicth` -> `icmp` -> `br` -> `phi`) as follows:
```LLVM
   switch i8 %A, label %DEFAULT [ i8 1, label %end    i8 2, label %end ]
DEFAULT:
   %tmp = icmp eq i8 %A, 92
   br label %end
end:
   ... = phi i1 [ true, %entry ], [ %tmp, %DEFAULT ], [ true, %entry ]
```

This PR supports a new pattern (``switch` -> icmp` -> `select` -> `br` -> `phi` ) to simplify unconditional branches as follows:
```LLVM
case1:
  switch i32 %x, label %DEFAULT [ 
    i32 0, label %end    
    i32 1, label %case2 
  ]
case2:
  br label %end
DEFAULT:
  %tmp = icmp eq i32 %x, 2
  %val = select i1 %tmp, i32 V3, i32 V4
  br label %end
end:
  %res = phi i32 [ V1, %case1 ], [ V2, %case2 ], [ %val, %DEFAULT ]
  ret i32 %res
```

We prefer to split the edge to 'end' so that there are TWO entries of V3/V4 to the PHI, merging the icmp & select into the switch, as follows:
```LLVM
case1:
  switch i32 %x, label %DEFAULT [
    i32 0, label %end
    i32 1, label %case2
    i32 2, label %case3
  ]
case2:
  br label %end
case3:
  br label %end
DEFAULT:
  br label %end
end:
  %res = phi i32 [ V1, %case1 ], [ V2, %case2 ], [ V3, %case3 ], [ V4, %DEFAULT]
  ret i32 %res
```

Alive2 Proof: https://alive2.llvm.org/ce/z/jYHM4f
Promising Optimization Impact: https://github.com/dtcxzyw/llvm-opt-benchmark/pull/3006

---
Full diff: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/165580.diff


3 Files Affected:

- (modified) llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp (+176-2) 
- (modified) llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ARM/switch-to-lookup-table.ll (+2-2) 
- (modified) llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-transformations-no-lut.ll (+2-3) 


``````````diff
diff --git a/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp b/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp
index 4fac5d36ddb3f..927d17cfc6d2c 100644
--- a/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp
+++ b/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp
@@ -301,7 +301,9 @@ class SimplifyCFGOpt {
 
   bool tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpInIt(ICmpInst *ICI,
                                              IRBuilder<> &Builder);
-
+  bool tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpSelectInIt(ICmpInst *ICI,
+                                                   SelectInst *Select,
+                                                   IRBuilder<> &Builder);
   bool hoistCommonCodeFromSuccessors(Instruction *TI, bool AllInstsEqOnly);
   bool hoistSuccIdenticalTerminatorToSwitchOrIf(
       Instruction *TI, Instruction *I1,
@@ -5116,6 +5118,173 @@ bool SimplifyCFGOpt::tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpInIt(
   return true;
 }
 
+/// Similar to tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpInIt, but handle a more generic
+/// case. This is called when we find an icmp instruction (a seteq/setne with a
+/// constant) and its following select instruction as the only TWO instruction
+/// in a block that ends with an uncond branch.  We are looking for a very
+/// specific pattern that occurs when "
+///    if (A == 1) return C1;
+///    if (A == 2) return C2;
+///    if (A < 3) return C3;
+///    return C4;
+/// " gets simplified.  In this case, we merge the first two "branches of icmp"
+/// into a switch, but then the default value goes to an uncond block with a lt
+/// icmp and select in it, as InstCombine can not simplify "A < 3" as "A == 2".
+/// After SimplifyCFG and other subsequent optimizations (e.g., SCCP), we might
+/// get something like:
+///
+/// case1:
+///   switch i8 %A, label %DEFAULT [ i8 0, label %end    i8 1, label %case2 ]
+/// case2:
+///   br label %end
+/// DEFAULT:
+///   %tmp = icmp eq i8 %A, 2
+///   %val = select i1 %tmp, i8 C3, i8 C4
+///   br label %end
+/// end:
+///   _ = phi i8 [ C1, %case1 ], [ C2, %case2 ], [ %val, %DEFAULT ]
+///
+/// We prefer to split the edge to 'end' so that there are TWO entries of V3/V4
+/// to the PHI, merging the icmp & select into the switch, as follows:
+///
+/// case1:
+///   switch i8 %A, label %DEFAULT [
+///     i8 0, label %end
+///     i8 1, label %case2
+///     i8 2, label %case3
+///   ]
+/// case2:
+///   br label %end
+/// case3:
+///   br label %end
+/// DEFAULT:
+///   br label %end
+/// end:
+///   _ = phi i8 [ C1, %case1 ], [ C2, %case2 ], [ C3, %case2 ], [ C4, %DEFAULT]
+bool SimplifyCFGOpt::tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpSelectInIt(
+    ICmpInst *ICI, SelectInst *Select, IRBuilder<> &Builder) {
+  BasicBlock *BB = ICI->getParent();
+
+  // If the block has any PHIs in it or the icmp/select has multiple uses, it is
+  // too complex.
+  if (isa<PHINode>(BB->begin()) || !ICI->hasOneUse() || !Select->hasOneUse())
+    return false;
+
+  // The pattern we're looking for is where our only predecessor is a switch on
+  // 'V' and this block is the default case for the switch.  In this case we can
+  // fold the compared value into the switch to simplify things.
+  BasicBlock *Pred = BB->getSinglePredecessor();
+  if (!Pred || !isa<SwitchInst>(Pred->getTerminator()))
+    return false;
+
+  Value *IcmpCond;
+  ConstantInt *NewCaseVal;
+  CmpPredicate Predicate;
+
+  // Match icmp X, C
+  if (!match(ICI,
+             m_ICmp(Predicate, m_Value(IcmpCond), m_ConstantInt(NewCaseVal))))
+    return false;
+
+  Value *SelectCond, *SelectTrueVal, *SelectFalseVal;
+  // Match select Cond, TrueVal, FalseVal
+  if (!match(Select, m_Select(m_Value(SelectCond), m_Value(SelectTrueVal),
+                              m_Value(SelectFalseVal))))
+    return false;
+
+  // Check if the select condition is the same as the icmp condition.
+  if (SelectCond != ICI)
+    return false;
+
+  SwitchInst *SI = cast<SwitchInst>(Pred->getTerminator());
+  if (SI->getCondition() != IcmpCond)
+    return false;
+
+  // If BB is reachable on a non-default case, then we simply know the value of
+  // V in this block.  Substitute it and constant fold the icmp instruction
+  // away.
+  if (SI->getDefaultDest() != BB) {
+    ConstantInt *VVal = SI->findCaseDest(BB);
+    assert(VVal && "Should have a unique destination value");
+    ICI->setOperand(0, VVal);
+
+    if (Value *V = simplifyInstruction(ICI, {DL, ICI})) {
+      ICI->replaceAllUsesWith(V);
+      ICI->eraseFromParent();
+    }
+    // BB is now empty, so it is likely to simplify away.
+    return requestResimplify();
+  }
+
+  // Ok, the block is reachable from the default dest.  If the constant we're
+  // comparing exists in one of the other edges, then we can constant fold ICI
+  // and zap it.
+  if (SI->findCaseValue(NewCaseVal) != SI->case_default()) {
+    Value *V;
+    if (Predicate == ICmpInst::ICMP_EQ)
+      V = ConstantInt::getFalse(BB->getContext());
+    else
+      V = ConstantInt::getTrue(BB->getContext());
+
+    ICI->replaceAllUsesWith(V);
+    ICI->eraseFromParent();
+    // BB is now empty, so it is likely to simplify away.
+    return requestResimplify();
+  }
+
+  // The use of the select has to be in the 'end' block, by the only PHI node in
+  // the block.
+  BasicBlock *SuccBlock = BB->getTerminator()->getSuccessor(0);
+  PHINode *PHIUse = dyn_cast<PHINode>(Select->user_back());
+  if (PHIUse == nullptr || PHIUse != &SuccBlock->front() ||
+      isa<PHINode>(++BasicBlock::iterator(PHIUse)))
+    return false;
+
+  // If the icmp is a SETEQ, then the default dest gets SelectFalseVal, the new
+  // edge gets SelectTrueVal in the PHI.
+  Value *DefaultCst = SelectFalseVal;
+  Value *NewCst = SelectTrueVal;
+
+  if (ICI->getPredicate() == ICmpInst::ICMP_NE)
+    std::swap(DefaultCst, NewCst);
+
+  // Replace Select (which is used by the PHI for the default value) with
+  // SelectFalseVal or SelectTrueVal depending on if ICI is EQ or NE.
+  Select->replaceAllUsesWith(DefaultCst);
+  Select->eraseFromParent();
+  ICI->eraseFromParent();
+
+  SmallVector<DominatorTree::UpdateType, 2> Updates;
+
+  // Okay, the switch goes to this block on a default value.  Add an edge from
+  // the switch to the merge point on the compared value.
+  BasicBlock *NewBB =
+      BasicBlock::Create(BB->getContext(), "switch.edge", BB->getParent(), BB);
+  {
+    SwitchInstProfUpdateWrapper SIW(*SI);
+    auto W0 = SIW.getSuccessorWeight(0);
+    SwitchInstProfUpdateWrapper::CaseWeightOpt NewW;
+    if (W0) {
+      NewW = ((uint64_t(*W0) + 1) >> 1);
+      SIW.setSuccessorWeight(0, *NewW);
+    }
+    SIW.addCase(NewCaseVal, NewBB, NewW);
+    if (DTU)
+      Updates.push_back({DominatorTree::Insert, Pred, NewBB});
+  }
+
+  // NewBB branches to the phi block, add the uncond branch and the phi entry.
+  Builder.SetInsertPoint(NewBB);
+  Builder.SetCurrentDebugLocation(SI->getDebugLoc());
+  Builder.CreateBr(SuccBlock);
+  PHIUse->addIncoming(NewCst, NewBB);
+  if (DTU) {
+    Updates.push_back({DominatorTree::Insert, NewBB, SuccBlock});
+    DTU->applyUpdates(Updates);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 /// The specified branch is a conditional branch.
 /// Check to see if it is branching on an or/and chain of icmp instructions, and
 /// fold it into a switch instruction if so.
@@ -8167,13 +8336,18 @@ bool SimplifyCFGOpt::simplifyUncondBranch(BranchInst *BI,
 
   // If the only instruction in the block is a seteq/setne comparison against a
   // constant, try to simplify the block.
-  if (ICmpInst *ICI = dyn_cast<ICmpInst>(I))
+  if (ICmpInst *ICI = dyn_cast<ICmpInst>(I)) {
     if (ICI->isEquality() && isa<ConstantInt>(ICI->getOperand(1))) {
       ++I;
       if (I->isTerminator() &&
           tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpInIt(ICI, Builder))
         return true;
+      if (isa<SelectInst>(I) && I->getNextNode()->isTerminator() &&
+          tryToSimplifyUncondBranchWithICmpSelectInIt(ICI, cast<SelectInst>(I),
+                                                      Builder))
+        return true;
     }
+  }
 
   // See if we can merge an empty landing pad block with another which is
   // equivalent.
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ARM/switch-to-lookup-table.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ARM/switch-to-lookup-table.ll
index 6def8f4eeb089..a51b816846cdc 100644
--- a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ARM/switch-to-lookup-table.ll
+++ b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ARM/switch-to-lookup-table.ll
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 ; DISABLE-NOT: @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [3 x ptr] [ptr @c1, ptr @c2, ptr @c3]
 ; ENABLE:      @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [3 x ptr] [ptr @g1, ptr @g2, ptr @g3]
 ; DISABLE-NOT: @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [3 x ptr] [ptr @g1, ptr @g2, ptr @g3]
-; ENABLE:      @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [3 x ptr] [ptr @f1, ptr @f2, ptr @f3]
-; DISABLE-NOT: @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [3 x ptr] [ptr @f1, ptr @f2, ptr @f3]
+; ENABLE:      @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x ptr] [ptr @f1, ptr @f2, ptr @f3, ptr @f4]
+; DISABLE-NOT: @{{.*}} = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x ptr] [ptr @f1, ptr @f2, ptr @f3, ptr @f4]
 
 target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
 target triple = "armv7a--none-eabi"
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-transformations-no-lut.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-transformations-no-lut.ll
index 25267dcc6dbcb..48be76c19e48f 100644
--- a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-transformations-no-lut.ll
+++ b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-transformations-no-lut.ll
@@ -410,13 +410,12 @@ define i1 @single_value_with_mask(i32 %x) {
 ; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:      i32 21, label %[[END]]
 ; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:      i32 48, label %[[END]]
 ; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:      i32 16, label %[[END]]
+; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:      i32 80, label %[[END]]
 ; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    ]
 ; OPTNOLUT:       [[DEFAULT]]:
-; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    [[CMP:%.*]] = icmp eq i32 [[X]], 80
-; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    [[SEL:%.*]] = select i1 [[CMP]], i1 false, i1 true
 ; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    br label %[[END]]
 ; OPTNOLUT:       [[END]]:
-; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    [[RES:%.*]] = phi i1 [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ [[SEL]], %[[DEFAULT]] ]
+; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    [[RES:%.*]] = phi i1 [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ], [ true, %[[DEFAULT]] ], [ false, %[[ENTRY]] ]
 ; OPTNOLUT-NEXT:    ret i1 [[RES]]
 ;
 ; TTINOLUT-LABEL: define i1 @single_value_with_mask(

``````````

</details>


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/165580


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