[llvm] [SPIRV][HLSL] Implement CBuffer access lowering pass (PR #159136)

[Steven Perron via llvm-commits]

================
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+//===- SPIRVCBufferAccess.cpp - Translate CBuffer Loads
+//--------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This pass replaces all accesses to constant buffer global variables with
+// accesses to the proper SPIR-V resource. It's designed to run after the
+// DXIL preparation passes and before the main SPIR-V legalization passes.
+//
+// The pass operates as follows:
+// 1. It finds all constant buffers by looking for the `!hlsl.cbs` metadata.
+// 2. For each cbuffer, it finds the global variable holding the resource handle
+//    and the global variables for each of the cbuffer's members.
+// 3. For each member variable, it creates a call to the
+//    `llvm.spv.resource.getpointer` intrinsic. This intrinsic takes the
+//    resource handle and the member's index within the cbuffer as arguments.
+//    The result is a pointer to that member within the SPIR-V resource.
+// 4. It then replaces all uses of the original member global variable with the
+//    pointer returned by the `getpointer` intrinsic. This effectively retargets
+//    all loads and GEPs to the new resource pointer.
+// 5. Finally, it cleans up by deleting the original global variables and the
+//    `!hlsl.cbs` metadata.
+//
+// This approach allows subsequent passes, like SPIRVEmitIntrinsics, to
+// correctly handle GEPs that operate on the result of the `getpointer` call,
+// folding them into a single OpAccessChain instruction.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "SPIRVCBufferAccess.h"
+#include "SPIRV.h"
+#include "llvm/Frontend/HLSL/CBuffer.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicsSPIRV.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "spirv-cbuffer-access"
+using namespace llvm;
+
+// Finds the single instruction that defines the resource handle. This is
+// typically a call to `llvm.spv.resource.handlefrombinding`.
+static Instruction *findHandleDef(GlobalVariable *HandleVar) {
+  for (User *U : HandleVar->users()) {
+    if (auto *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(U)) {
+      if (auto *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(SI->getValueOperand())) {
+        return I;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+static bool replaceCBufferAccesses(Module &M) {
+  std::optional<hlsl::CBufferMetadata> CBufMD = hlsl::CBufferMetadata::get(M);
+  if (!CBufMD)
+    return false;
+
+  for (const hlsl::CBufferMapping &Mapping : *CBufMD) {
+    Instruction *HandleDef = findHandleDef(Mapping.Handle);
+    if (!HandleDef) {
+      // If there's no handle definition, it might be because the cbuffer is
----------------
s-perron wrote:

I wrote this before the implicit binding feature was implemented. At that time, this could happen if you defined the resource with implicit binding, and I wanted to be able to handle more tests. I think we can safely assert that handledef is not nullptr.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/159136