[libc] [llvm] [libc][math] Refactor asinf implementation to header-only in src/__support/math folder. (PR #150697)

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Kewen12 wrote:

Could you please take look at the build error in your previous PR https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/148578. It keeps breaking our bot. https://lab.llvm.org/buildbot/#/builders/10

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/150697