[llvm] LangRef: allocated objects can grow (PR #141338)

[Eli Friedman via llvm-commits]

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@@ -3327,6 +3327,19 @@ behavior is undefined:
 -  the size of all allocated objects must be non-negative and not exceed the
    largest signed integer that fits into the index type.
 
+Allocated objects that are created with operations recognized by LLVM (such as
+:ref:`alloca <i_alloca>`, heap allocation functions marked as such, and global
+variables) may *not* change their size. (``realloc``-style operations do not
+change the size of an existing allocated object; instead, they create a new
+allocated object. Even if the object is at the same location as the old one, old
+pointers cannot be used to access this new object.) However, allocated objects
+can also be created by means not recognized by LLVM, e.g. by directly calling
+``mmap``. Those allocated objects are allowed to grow to the right (i.e.,
+keeping the same base address, but increasing their size) while maintaining the
+validity of existing pointers, as long as they always satisfy the properties
+described above. Currently, allocated objects are not permitted to grow to the
+left or to shrink, nor can they have holes.
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efriedma-quic wrote:

Given the restrictions, the compiler can't tell where the "beginning" of the object is, so I'm not sure forbidding growth to the left has any meaningful effect.

I'm not sure what a "hole" is, in this context.  I don't think we require that all bytes of an object have to be dereferenceable.  It might make sense to forbid overlapping live objects, though.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/141338