[clang] [llvm] [StrTable] Switch intrinsics to StringTable and work around MSVC (PR #123548)

[Chandler Carruth via llvm-commits]

chandlerc wrote:

Ping -- all the dependent changes have landed and this is ready to be reviewed / merged!

I've already had to update this as more string table using code landed, so I'd like it to not wait too long...

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/123548