[llvm] Reland "[Support] Assert that DomTree nodes share parent"" (PR #102782)

[Vitaly Buka via llvm-commits]

vitalybuka wrote:

@aengelke
Sorry for reverting, but it's better to revert and then investigate.
 I am not planning to reland this, it's just an additional notice about the reverted patch.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/102782